Ngomhla wama-20 kuSeptemba, i-“Dialogue” ye-CCTV Finance yasasaza udliwanondlebe olunomxholo othi “Ikamva Lombane”. Iindwendwe ezinje ngoQian Zhimin, ilungu leKomiti Emiyo yeKomiti yeSizwe yeNgqungquthela yoNxibelelwano lwezePolitiki yabantu baseTshayina kunye nosekela-mlawuli weKomiti yoLuntu, iMithombo kunye neNdalo, uZhu Gongshan, uSihlalo weGCL Group, kunye noZhang Chuanwei, uSihlalo weMingyang Smart Energy, bathathe inxaxheba kule ngxoxo.
Ingxoxo igxile kakhulu kwikamva lamandla, ikamva lombane, kunye namanyathelo alandelayo okanye amakhonkco aphambili ekuphuhlisweni kwamandla amatsha.
UQian Zhimin uthe imeko yangoku jikelele kushishino lwamandla eTshayina: Thatha amaxesha aqhelekileyo aphakamileyo ngoJuni nangoJulayi njengomzekelo. Amalahle amalunga nama-60% ombane oveliswayo, amandla omoya kunye nelanga ayi-16%, amandla e-hydropower ayi-17%, kunye namandla enyukliya ayi-5%. Nangona kunjalo, eneneni, amandla afakiweyo omoya kunye namandla elanga sele egqithe lawo ombane oshushu. Kodwa inqanaba lamandla elinokudibana nawo umoya kunye namandla elanga, kwelinye icala, lixhomekeke kwimozulu, kwaye kwelinye icala, ngenxa yendalo yalo engapheliyo, iiyure ezikhoyo ziphantsi kakhulu. Ke ngoko, phantsi kweemeko ezintsha, ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kombane kunokuzisa imingeni emitsha.
UZhu Gongshan, usihlalo weGCL Group, ukholelwa ukuba: “Imveliso yokuvelisa umbane ayinakuqinisekiswa ngokusekelwe kumthamo opheleleyo ofakiweyo. Amandla omoya kunye nelanga awanamda, kodwa ngokwendalo ayimithombo yamandla eyongezelelweyo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo aya kuba yimithombo yamandla ephambili kwixesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuseka imodeli enkulu yedijithali nekrelekrele, ukwakha inkqubo entsha yamandla, kunye nokudibanisa ukusetyenziswa komthombo-umthwalo-wegridi-ugcino-kunye nokwenziwa kwedijithali.”
UZhang Chuanwei, usihlalo weMingyang Smart Energy, uthe: “Asinakuyijonga amandla omoya kunye nelanga njengothumelo lwamandla oluhamba umgama omde okanye ukuveliswa kwamandla amakhulu. Impawu zayo zisekufezekiseni imveliso nokusetyenziswa kwayo, kwaye iingenelo zayo zoqoqosho kunye nexabiso zilapha.” Okwesibini, inokujongana nophuhliso oluluhlaza lwamashishini amatsha. Inkqubo entsha yemizi-mveliso yangoku kunye nenkqubo entsha yokubonelela ngamandla, njengamandla ekhompyutha yedijithali kunye nokuphuculwa kwezolimo kunye neendawo zasemaphandleni, ziya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kumbane oluhlaza kwixesha elizayo.
Injani imeko yamandla asisiseko eTshayina ngoku?
UQian Zhimin, ilungu leKomiti eSisigxina yeKomiti yeSizwe yeNgqungquthela yoNxibelelwano lwezoPolitiko yabantu baseTshayina kunye nosekela-mlawuli weKomiti yoLuntu, iZixhobo kunye nokusiNgqongileyo, wazisa imeko yangoku yeshishini lamandla laseTshayina: Thatha amaxesha aqhelekileyo aphakamileyo ngoJuni nangoJulayi njengomzekelo. Amalahle athatha malunga ne-60% yamandla okuvelisa umbane, amandla omoya kunye nelanga ayi-16%, amandla e-hydropower ayi-17%, kunye namandla enyukliya malunga ne-5%. Nangona kunjalo, eneneni, amandla afakiweyo omoya kunye namandla elanga sele edlulile kumandla obushushu. Kodwa inqanaba lamandla elinokudibana nawo umoya kunye namandla elanga, kwelinye icala, lixhomekeke kwimozulu, kwaye kwelinye icala, ngenxa yendalo yalo engapheliyo, iiyure ezikhoyo ziphantsi kakhulu. Kwangaxeshanye, uQian Zhimin ukwabonise ukuba ukunyamezela koluntu ukunqongophala kombane kuphantsi kunangaphambili. Ukuba kukho ukunqamka kombane kangangesiqingatha seyure okanye iyure ngoku, abantu abaqhelekileyo okanye naliphi na ishishini abanakukunyamezela. Ke ngoko, phantsi kweemeko ezintsha, kunokuzisa nemingeni emitsha kukhuseleko lobonelelo lombane.
UZhu Gongshan, usihlalo weGCL Group, uthe, “Imveliso yokuvelisa umbane ayinakuqinisekiswa ngokusekelwe kumthamo opheleleyo ofakiweyo. Amandla omoya kunye nelanga awanamda, kodwa ngokwendalo ayimithombo yamandla eyongezelelweyo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo aya kuba yimithombo yamandla ephambili kwixesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuseka imodeli enkulu yedijithali nekrelekrele, ukwakha inkqubo entsha yamandla, kunye nokudibanisa ukusetyenziswa komthombo-umthwalo-wegridi-ugcino-kunye nokwenziwa kwedijithali.”
UZhang Chuanwei, usihlalo weMingyang Smart Energy, uthe: “Asinakubona amandla omoya njengokudluliselwa kwamandla okuhamba umgama omde okanye ukuveliswa kwamandla amakhulu. Impawu zawo zisekufezekiseni imveliso nokusetyenziswa kwawo, kwaye iingenelo zawo zoqoqosho kunye nexabiso lazo zonke zilapha.” Okwesibini, zinokujongana nophuhliso oluluhlaza lwamashishini amatsha. Inkqubo entsha yemizi-mveliso yangoku kunye nenkqubo entsha yokubonelela ngamandla, njengamandla ekhompyutha yedijithali kunye nokuphuculwa kwezolimo kunye neendawo zasemaphandleni, ziya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kumbane oluhlaza kwixesha elizayo.
Ziziphi iindlela ezintsha ezivelayo ekusetyenzisweni kombane ngoku?
UCheng Lu, i-CEO yeXinao Digital Energy Technology, uthe, “Kule mihla, umlinganiselo wombane osetyenziswa kwi-terminal energy uya unyuka. Ngaphambili, izixhobo zasekhaya zaziziiTV neefriji, kodwa ngoku kukho izithuthi zombane ezininzi, ii-vacuum cleaner kunye nezixhobo ezikrelekrele.” E-China, umlinganiselo wombane osetyenziswa kwi-terminal energy ngoku udlule kwi-30%, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba udlule kwi-60% ngo-2050, uphindaphindeke kabini. Oku kuya kuzisa utshintsho olukhulu kakhulu kwisakhiwo sombane.
UCao Kaihu, umlawuli weNengjian Energy Research Institute, uthe: “Ngowama-2030, inani lezithuthi zombane kwilizwe lethu lisenokufikelela kwi-150 yezigidi. Lithetha ukuthini eli nani?” Ngokwethiyori, umthwalo walo ophezulu ungafikelela kwi-2.5 yeebhiliyoni zee-kilowatts. Oku kufana kakhulu nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuluntu lonke. Ukuba ishishini lezithuthi zombane alikho sesikweni, imigaqo-nkqubo ayikhokelwa, kwaye ubuchwephesha obutsha abukhawulezi ngokwaneleyo, bunokubangela impembelelo enkulu kuyo yonke inkqubo yamandla.”
UTang Renhu, usihlalo weZhongchuang Carbon Investment, uthe, “Okwangoku, imfuno yombane kwiziko ledatha le-AI iyanda. Ngowama-2024, iza kusebenzisa malunga neeyure ezingama-200 zeebhiliyoni zee-kilowatt zombane, kwaye ngowama-2035, iza kufuna iiyure ezingama-1.2 zee-kilowatt zombane ngonyaka.” Ingahlangatyezwa njani imfuno ebangelwa lolu hlobo lomthwalo? Ke, kweli nqanaba, ukufana kobonelelo kunye nemfuno kujongene nesigaba esitsha. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yangaphambili ecocekileyo, iindlela ezicocekileyo, kunye neemvakalelo ezicocekileyo azinakuyisombulula ingxaki. Kuya kufuneka ixhomekeke kwizixhobo zedijithali zexesha elizayo. Indlela yokufezekisa ukufana okucwangcisiweyo ngakumbi inokuba yingxaki yokuba icala lokusetyenziswa kunye necala lobonelelo kufuneka lihlale lingqubana kwixesha elizayo.
UQian Zhimin, ilungu leKomiti eSisigxina yeKomiti yeSizwe yeNgqungquthela yoNxibelelwano lwezePolitiki yabantu baseTshayina kunye nosekela-mlawuli weKomiti yoLuntu, iZixhobo kunye neNdalo, wongeze wathi: Nangona i-AI isanda kwaye kunjalo nezithuthi zombane, kusekho into enye ekufuneka ibandakanyiwe kwimfuno yombane, kwaye yimfuno yombane oluhlaza. Izixhobo esizithumela eYurophu ziya kuqala ukuhlawuliswa irhafu yekhabhoni ekuqaleni kuka-2026. Ngoko ke, eneneni, kukwakho nemfuno eluhlaza kwimfuno yokusetyenziswa kombane. Le yingxaki enkulu ejongene nayo ngoku imboni yamandla namandla.
Ukuvela kwezityalo zamandla ezibonakalayo kuza kuyitshintsha njani imeko yombane kwixesha elizayo?
UZhu Gongshan, usihlalo weGCL Group, ukhankanye kule nkqubo wathi: “Ukuba izitishi zamandla ezibonakalayo ziqalisiwe ngokwenene, amandla afakiweyo okuvelisa umbane akhoyo anokuncitshiswa nge-10% ukuya kwi-15%. Enyanisweni, okwangoku, inani elikhulu lezitishi zamandla azidlali indima yazo yokwenyani, kwaye uninzi lwezinto ezifakelwayo zezona ziphezulu kakhulu kwaye zithwala imithwalo ephezulu kakhulu.” Ngokufika kwezitishi zamandla ezibonakalayo, eyona mithwalo iphambili inokujongwa ngezitishi zamandla ezibonakalayo.
UZhang Chuanwei, usihlalo weMingyang Smart Energy, uthe: Kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, ndandinephupha lokuba ukusebenzisa umbane akuyi kuba simahla kuphela kodwa kuya kuhlawulelwa. Emva kokuba siqaphele isityalo samandla esibonakalayo, indlela yokusebenzisa umbane ekhaya nayo yatshintsha. Ungadibanisa ngokukhululekileyo indlela yakho yokusebenzisa umbane. Isithuthi sakho sombane, inkqubo yokugcina umbane encinci ekhaya, kunye nenkqubo yelanga eluphahleni zonke zinokuzakha izinto zakho zombane. Ngezityalo zamandla ezingabonakaliyo, kukwakho nexabiso lezinto zekhabhoni. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba awukahlawuli nesenti yombane unyaka wonke kwaye usafumana imbuyekezo yempahla ekufanele ukuba ibe nayo umbane. Eli thuba sele lizalisekile namhlanje.
UQian Zhimin, ilungu leKomiti eSisigxina yeKomiti yeSizwe yeNgqungquthela yoNxibelelwano lwezoPolitiko yabantu baseTshayina kunye nosekela-mlawuli weKomiti yoLuntu, iZixhobo kunye nokusiNgqongileyo, wongeze wathi: Igridi yamandla yangoku kunzima ukuyilawula nokuyilawula ngenxa yobuninzi bemithombo yamandla amatsha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho izityalo ezininzi zamandla ezifumanekayo apho, umbane unokulawulwa zezi zityalo zamandla ezifumanekayo. Ngexesha leeyure ezixakekileyo okanye xa kukho ukunqongophala kombane, izityalo zamandla ezifumanekayo zinokunceda ukunciphisa umthwalo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ixabiso lomthamo wolawulo owenziwe zizityalo zamandla ezifumanekayo Yinxalenye yeshumi yeendleko zokusombulula umthamo wolawulo wezityalo zamandla ezifumanekayo, kwaye ikwaluncedo kakhulu kuye wonke umntu. Iluncedo kukhuseleko lwegridi yamandla kunye nokhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kombane ngabasebenzisi.
UCao Kaihu, umlawuli weNengjian Energy Research Institute, wazisa: “Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwizityalo zamandla ezisebenzisa i-virtual power kukuba zisebenzisa izixhobo ezikhoyo ezisasazwayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yamandla. Azidingi kwakhiwa kutsha kwaye azikhulisi utyalo-mali olukhulu lwezinto ezizinzileyo.” Isityalo samandla esisebenzisa i-virtual power yinkqubo yokuqokelela izixhobo ezisasazwayo ezisasazwayo kuluntu ngeqonga lesoftware.
UCheng Lu, i-CEO yeXinao Shuneng Technology, wongeze wathi, “Ii-virtual power plants azibonakali kwaye azibonakali, kodwa zikho ngokwenene.” Ezantsi kukho i-intanethi yezinto edibanisa yonke indlu, isakhiwo ngasinye, isithuthi ngasinye kunye nomzi-mveliso ngamnye. Embindini kukho ingqondo ye-AI ethatha izigqibo eqokelelana ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu kwaye ithatha inxaxheba kwiintengiselwano ezahlukeneyo, iimpendulo kunye nemigaqo yegridi yombane. Okwesithathu, kufuneka ifikelele kwisiphelo kwaye ilungelelaniswe, ilawuleke, ibonwe kwaye ilinganiswe.
Liza kuba njani kanye kanye ikamva lombane?
UQian Zhimin, ilungu leKomiti eSisigxina yeKomiti yeSizwe yeNgqungquthela yoNxibelelwano lwezoPolitiko yabantu baseTshayina kunye nosekela-mlawuli weKomiti yoLuntu, iMithombo kunye nokusiNgqongileyo, uthe, “Ndikholelwa ukuba i-AI yexesha elizayo iya kufezekiswa ngamandla, kwaye amandla exesha elizayo aya kufezekiswa ngokukhuthazwa kwe-AI. Ke ngoko, ndithi isiphelo se-AI ngamandla, kwaye isiphelo samandla yi-AI.”
UZhu Gongshan, usihlalo weGCL Group, uthe, “Umbane kunye namandla ekhompyutha alingana nemveliso yexesha elizayo. Ikamva lisekwakheni uhlobo olutsha lwenkqubo yamandla.”
UZhang Chuanwei, usihlalo weMingyang Smart Energy, uthe, “Kwixesha elizayo, amandla awasayi kuba lixabiso ngokwawo, kodwa aya kuba lixabiso ngokwawo.”
UCheng Lu, i-CEO yeXinaoshu Energy Technology: “Umbane uza kuba njani kwixesha elizayo?” Umbane kunye namandla ekhompyutha kulula ukuwafikelela. Kwixesha elizayo, sinokuphila kwihlabathi lesayensi apho amandla abonakala engenakuphela, eqhutywa ziingqondo zethu ze-AI. Kwixesha elizayo, inkqubo yamandla isenokungabandakanyi ukungenelela kwabantu; ibiya kuba yingqondo ye-AI elawula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko olungcono, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lenkqubo yonke yokusebenza.”
Ixesha leposi: Sep-22-2025