Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokwandiswa ngokukhawuleza kweemveliso ze-photovoltaic, izitishi zamandla ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwe kunye nezakhiwo ziye zasetyenziswa kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwezitishi zamandla ze-photovoltaic zobungcali, ezinye iinkampani zokusebenza kwe-photovoltaic ziyandisa ngokukhawuleza amashishini azo kwiindawo zasemaphandleni. Phakathi kwazo, izindlu ezininzi ezakhelwe zona kwiindawo zasemaphandleni sele zifake inani elikhulu lezixhobo ze-photovoltaic ngokuqeshisa uphahla kunye nokuthenga kwakhona umbane!
Ngexesha lokwakhiwa nokusebenza kwezikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic, ukuba azisetyenziswa kwaye azigcinwa kakuhle, iingozi zomlilo zinokwenzeka! Okwangoku, ukugubungela ngokukhawuleza kwamandla e-photovoltaic kwiindawo zasemaphandleni kuphakamisa inkxalabo malunga neengozi zomlilo.
Ngomhla wesi-7 kweyeNkanga ngo-2023, kwaqhambuka umlilo kwinkqubo ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya eluphahleni lwesakhiwo sokuhlala esijonge esitalatweni eBoao Town, eQionghai City, kwiPhondo laseHainan. Lo mlilo uchaphazele indawo emalunga neemitha ezingama-200 zesikwere, kwaye phantse zonke iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic zatshatyalaliswa. Ngethamsanqa, akukho bantu bafayo baxeliweyo. Ngokutsho kwemithombo enolwazi, le ngozi ibangelwe ziimodyuli ze-photovoltaic ezingaphantsi komgangatho ezithengwe ngumnini-mhlaba kwi-intanethi.
Ngentsimbi yesi-4 emva kwemini ngomhla wama-30 kweyeSilimela ngo-2025, umsi nomlilo kwaqhambuka kwi-photovoltaic array ye-3.5MW eluphahleni lwesakhiwo somzi-mveliso waseWahaha. Nangona kungekho bantu bafayo, umsi omkhulu wabangela ukuba imveliso iphazamiseke. Le projekthi inotyalo-mali olungaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-20 zeeyuan kwaye yaqhagamshelwa kwigridi ngo-2017.
NgoMeyi 2025, kwaqhambuka umlilo kwiprojekthi ye-photovoltaic ekwikhava ephezulu yesandi sendlela enkulu yesixeko. Kwimizuzu emithathu, yaqhuma izihlandlo ezisixhenxe, yatshisa isakhiwo sentsimbi yaza yabangela ukuba izinto ziwe ukusuka kwindawo ephakamileyo, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba izithuthi ezihamba ngeendlela ezimbini zingasebenzi kakuhle kangangeeyure ezingaphezu kwembini.
Ngomhla wesi-9 kweyeThupha ngo-2023, kwaqhambuka umlilo kwifama yenkukhu ebeka amaqanda kwiPhondo laseTreviso, e-Itali, nto leyo eyabangela ukufa kweenkukhu ezingaphezu kwama-20,000 ezibeka amaqanda kule fama. Isebe lomlilo lathi umlilo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ubangelwe yinkqubo ye-photovoltaic engaphezulu kweshedi yefama yenkukhu. Lo mlilo watshisa ngaphezulu kwe-1,500 yeemitha zesikwere zeemitha zokukhusela ubushushu, nto leyo eyabangela umsi omninzi kwaye yafunxa amashumi amawaka eenkuku ezibeka amaqanda.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kweyeKhala ngo-2025, iphaneli yelanga eluphahleni lwefektri yaseFanti eWilton, eOhio, yatsha, kwaza kwasasazeka umsi omninzi. Isebe lomlilo lathabatha imizuzu engama-45 ukucima umlilo, kodwa kwafuneka balinde ukuba ifektri inqumle umbane, nto leyo eyalibazisa uhlangulo. Ezinye zeendawo zophahla kunye nokufakelwa kwe-photovoltaic zatsha, kodwa ngethamsanqa, umonakalo awuzange usasazeke ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sefektri.
Umlilo awunanceba; ukuthintela kuza kuqala.
Kutheni iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic zibamba umlilo?
Singenza njani umsebenzi olungileyo wokuthintela umlilo ngexesha lokusebenza kwemihla ngemihla?
Ngokwezibalo, ngaphezulu kwe-80% yeengozi zomlilo kwizikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic zibangelwa ziimpazamo kwicala le-DC, ingakumbi imililo ebangelwa ziindawo ezishushu kwizixhobo, uqhagamshelo olukhululekileyo kwisekethe zombane, kunye nemiba ye-DC arcing. Ukongeza, ukungaphumeleli kwamanyathelo okuthintela umlilo, imiba yomgangatho wezixhobo, iingozi zombane, imozulu kunye neentlekele zemvelo nazo zizizathu ezibalulekileyo zengozi zomlilo kwizikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic.
1. Icandelo elithi “Isiphumo sendawo eshushu
Xa iiphaneli ze-photovoltaic zisebenza emva kokuba zivuliwe, ukuba umphezulu wazo ugqunywe kwaye uvalwe yinkunkuma yeentaka, udaka, amagqabi, okanye ukuqokelelwa kothuli okukhulu, ubushushu kwiindawo ezivaliweyo buya kuba phezulu kunobo bukwezinye iindawo, ngaloo ndlela kwenze "isiphumo sendawo eshushu", esinokubangela iingozi zokhuseleko kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima, sikhokelela kwiingozi zomlilo.
2. Uqhagamshelo olukhululekileyo, ukuguga, ii-short circuits, njl.njl. kwii-electrical circuits
Ngenxa yeengxaki ezifana noqhagamshelwano olukhululekileyo, uqhagamshelwano olukhululekileyo, kunye nokungatywinwa kakuhle kwiindawo zokudibanisa iintambo zezixhobo zombane ezifana nezixhobo, ii-inverters, kunye neebhokisi zokuxhuma, ukumelana kwiindawo zoqhagamshelwano kuyanda, ukufudumala okungaqhelekanga kwenzeka, kwaye amandla okukhusela ayancipha ngexesha lokusebenza kwezixhobo, nto leyo ebeka umngcipheko wokutsha okuzenzekelayo.
3. Ukutsala i-arc ye-Dc
Kwinkqubo yonke ye-photovoltaic, i-DC side voltage idla ngokuba phezulu ukuya kwi-600 ukuya kwi-1000 volts. I-Dc arcing inokwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezinje ngeendawo zonxibelelwano ezikhululekileyo, unxibelelwano olubi, iingcingo eziphukileyo, iingcingo ezimanzi, kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-insulation ye-photovoltaic module joints. I-direct current arcing inokubangela ukunyuka okukhulu kobushushu benxalenye yoqhagamshelwano. I-arc eqhubekayo inokubangela ubushushu obuphezulu obuyi-3000 ukuya kwi-7000 degrees Celsius, kunye ne-carbonization yezixhobo ezijikelezileyo. Kwiimeko ezibuthathaka, ingatshisa amalungu kunye nee-fuses; kwiimeko ezinzima, ingatshisa amalungu kunye nezixhobo, ibangele umlilo.
4. Imozulu kunye neentlekele zemvelo
Izitishi zamandla ze-photovoltaic zakhiwe ngaphandle kwaye zisengozini yokuchaphazeleka yimozulu kunye neentlekele zemvelo. Umzekelo, iimeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nemimoya enamandla, imvula enkulu kunye nesichotho zinokubangela umonakalo kwizixhobo zezitishi zamandla, ngaloo ndlela zibangele iingozi.
Kule mihla, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuya kuthandwa kakhulu. Kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo angakumbi okuthintela ukwenzeka kweengozi zomlilo.
Uyilo olusengqiqweni: Ngexesha lokukhethwa kwendawo kunye nokwakhiwa kwezikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwe, kuyimfuneko ukucwangcisa ngokusengqiqweni kunye nokulungiselela izixhobo kunye nezakhiwo ngokusekelwe kwimozulu yendawo, umhlaba kunye nezinye iimeko ukunciphisa umngcipheko womlilo obangelwa zizinto zendalo ezifana nemvula nekhephu.
Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa rhoqo: Hlola rhoqo kwaye ugcine izixhobo zezikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic, uchonge kwaye ulungise ngokukhawuleza iimpazamo kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho, uqinisekise ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo, kwaye uthintele ukwenzeka kweengozi zomlilo.
Phucula inkqubo yokukhusela umlilo: Izitishi zamandla ze-photovoltaic kufuneka ziseke inkqubo epheleleyo yokukhusela umlilo, exhotyiswe ngeenkqubo ze-alamu yomlilo, izicimi-mlilo, izixhobo zokucima umlilo, njl. Ukuze xa kukho umlilo okanye ezinye iingozi, ukucima umlilo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokusabela kungenziwa.
Qinisa uqeqesho lokhuseleko lomlilo: Qeqesha abaqhubi bezikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic ukuze baqhelane nemigaqo yokusebenza, iinkqubo zokusebenza kwezixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza kokhuseleko kwizikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic, baphucule ulwazi lwabo ngokhuseleko lomlilo kunye nokukwazi ukuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka, kwaye banikeze iziqinisekiso zokulwa nomlilo ezisebenzayo kunye nokubaleka xa kutsha.
Ukubeka iliso kukhuseleko ngexesha langempela: Faka iikhamera, izixhobo zokubeka iliso, njl.njl., ukuphucula ukuhlolwa nokubekwa iliso ngexesha langempela kwezikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic ezisasazekileyo kunye neendawo ezikufutshane nazo, ukuchonga ngokukhawuleza iimeko ezingaqhelekanga kunye nokukhupha izilumkiso kwangethuba.
Misela izicwangciso zokuphendula xa kukho ingxamiseko: Yila izicwangciso zokuphendula xa kukho ingxamiseko kwizikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic, uchaze ngokucacileyo amanyathelo okuphendula kunye nokwahlulahlula uxanduva xa kukho iingozi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye uphucule ubuchule kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokujongana neemeko ezingalindelekanga.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic ezikwindawo enye, iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya kufuneka ziqaphele ngakumbi ngokubhekiselele ekuthinteleni.
Ngelixa amashishini afanelekileyo esanda ngokukhawuleza amashishini awo, kufuneka aqinise uhlolo nokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla, kwaye anike abemi iingubo zomlilo, izixhobo zokucima umlilo ezicoca uthuli kunye nezinye izixhobo zokulwa nomlilo. Nje ukuba abemi bafumanise umlilo, kufuneka baphume ngexesha elifanelekileyo baze babize amapolisa ukuze bafumane uncedo. Khumbula! Musa ukusebenzisa amanzi ngokuthe ngqo ukucima umlilo!
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-09-2025